{"slug":"bridge-execution-latency","title":"Fastest on-chain bridge execution: real settlement latency, Mobula vs Relay vs LI.FI vs Near Intents","subtitle":"Real on-chain settlement latency (deposit included to credit observed, ms), success rate and realized fees for executed bridge transactions on a self-conserving USDC triangle (Solana, Base, Arbitrum), at $3 and $30, measured from EU-West.","category":"Bridges","metric":"Execution latency","unit":"ms","status":"live","higherIsBetter":false,"filters":null,"value":1015.89,"leader":{"name":"Mobula","slug":"mobula","value":1015.89},"leaders":[{"name":"Mobula","slug":"mobula","value":1015.89}],"rankings":[{"name":"Mobula","slug":"mobula","ms":{"p50":1015.89,"p90":1115.33,"p99":1133.67,"mean":1037.12},"successRate":100,"sampleSize":21},{"name":"Relay","slug":"relay","ms":{"p50":1884.22,"p90":2027.56,"p99":2030.78,"mean":1862.57},"successRate":100,"sampleSize":24},{"name":"LI.FI","slug":"lifi","ms":{"p50":3750.33,"p90":3981.44,"p99":5939.67,"mean":3847.6},"successRate":100,"sampleSize":24},{"name":"Near Intents","slug":"near-intents","ms":{"p50":74772.7,"p90":75002.4,"p99":75002.4,"mean":74550.5},"successRate":100,"sampleSize":18}],"sparkline":[1376.67,1376.67,1376.67,1376.67,1376.67,1376.67,1376.67,1376.67,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1350.83,1154.83,1154.83,1154.83,1154.83,1154.83,1154.83,1154.83,1154.83,1154.83,1154.83,1025.67,1025.67,1025.67,1025.67,1025.67,1025.67,1025.67,1025.67,1025.67,1025.67,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1142.56,1145.11,1145.11,1145.11,1145.11,1145.11,1133.78,1133.78,1133.78,1133.78,1133.78,1010.67,1010.67,1010.67,1010.67,1010.67,1010.67,1010.67,1010.67,1010.67,1010.67,1015.89,1015.89,1015.89],"sampleSize":87,"asOf":"2026-10-06T10:04:01.035Z","freshness":{"asOf":"2026-10-06T10:04:01.035Z","ageHours":5.6,"stale":false},"measured":4,"ranked":4,"headline":"Mobula posts the lowest execution latency at 1.02 s (p50, 7d) across 4 ranked providers.","quote":"Mobula posts the lowest execution latency at 1.02 s (p50, 7d) across 4 ranked providers. Source: OpenChainBench (https://openchainbench.com/benchmarks/bridge-execution-latency).","cite":{"plain":"OpenChainBench. \"Fastest on-chain bridge execution: real settlement latency, Mobula vs Relay vs LI.FI vs Near Intents\". Retrieved 2026-10-06. https://openchainbench.com/benchmarks/bridge-execution-latency","bibtex":"@misc{ocb_bridge_execution_latency,\n  author = {OpenChainBench},\n  title  = {Fastest on-chain bridge execution: real settlement latency, Mobula vs Relay vs LI.FI vs Near Intents},\n  year   = {2026},\n  url    = {https://openchainbench.com/benchmarks/bridge-execution-latency},\n  note   = {Retrieved 2026-10-06}\n}","apa":"OpenChainBench. (2026). Fastest on-chain bridge execution: real settlement latency, Mobula vs Relay vs LI.FI vs Near Intents. Retrieved October 6, 2026, from https://openchainbench.com/benchmarks/bridge-execution-latency","ris":"TY  - GEN\r\nAU  - OpenChainBench\r\nTI  - Fastest on-chain bridge execution: real settlement latency, Mobula vs Relay vs LI.FI vs Near Intents\r\nPY  - 2026\r\nUR  - https://openchainbench.com/benchmarks/bridge-execution-latency\r\nY2  - 2026-10-06\r\nER  - \r\n"},"pageUrl":"https://openchainbench.com/benchmarks/bridge-execution-latency","ogImage":"https://openchainbench.com/api/og/bridge-execution-latency","source":"https://github.com/ChainBench/OpenChainBench/tree/main/harnesses/bridge-monitor","methodology":["Route: a self-conserving all-USDC triangle. Solana USDC to Base USDC, Base USDC to Arbitrum USDC, Arbitrum USDC to Solana USDC. Each executing bridge completes the full triangle before the next starts, so inventory returns to its origin and only fees burn.","Ticket sizes: $3 daily and $30 twice weekly (Monday and Thursday), on fixed UTC schedules, pooled in every figure and labelled amount_usd in Prometheus. Amounts are deliberately small: this measures settlement reliability, not large-ticket cost. Window: 7 days, so each bridge and corridor carries about 7 to 9 executions; a 24-hour window would hold one.","Latency: measured by the harness at both ends on one clock, every 100 ms on keyed RPCs. The recipient's balance is watched from before the deposit is broadcast (first read above the pre-execution balance = credit observed); the deposit's inclusion is watched from the broadcast (receipt on Base and Arbitrum, signature status on Solana = source included). Published figure = credit observed minus source included, in milliseconds.","Latency precision: detection lag is at most 100 ms plus one RPC round-trip on each end. The destination block timestamp minus the source block timestamp is published alongside as bridge_exec_onchain_ms as a whole-second cross-check (the two chains' clocks can disagree by a block).","Latency history: until 2026-09-19 the figure was the wall clock to a 5-second status poll, which floored every fill at 5.x s; that series stays as bridge_exec_observed_ms and the poll-era history was deleted from Prometheus.","Latency fallbacks: a settled execution the watch missed falls back to credit minus broadcast, then to the block delta, then to the wall clock. Every published value carries a method label (watch, watch-broadcast, blocks, poll) and bridge_execution_latency_fallback_total counts the non-watch ones by method.","Outcome classification: settled (funds received), reverted or refunded (capital returned to source), or errored (never broadcast). Only settled transactions contribute to the latency distribution; reverts, refunds and stuck deposits count against the success rate.","Region: EU-West only at present. The execution node runs a single wallet, so a second origin would race the same inventory; additional origins are not planned for the execution loop.","Cohort: Mobula, Relay, LI.FI and Near Intents (Near Intents runs its own conserving USDC triangle via the 1Click flow). deBridge is quote-only in this loop. Providers without a symmetric route on all three legs are excluded so the triangle conserves.","Cost metrics captured per real execution (beyond latency and success): realized output on-chain, execution slippage vs the quote (realized fee minus quote-projected fee), our own on-chain gas paid (approve + deposit, measured as source-chain native balance delta), and the refund rate split from hard-fail rate. These surface the true all-in cost and the gap between a quote and what actually settles.","Reliability tail: cross-chain settlement is asynchronous, so a broadcast can end three ways beyond a clean fill. We split them: refunded (capital returned, with a refund-latency histogram for how fast it came back), reverted (on-chain failure), and stuck (a deposit whose status never resolved to a fill or refund in the poll window). The stuck rate is the share of swaps a user would have to chase manually: the honest measure of what is not automatically handled."],"license":"CC-BY-4.0"}